Welcome to this private class for young girls. Girls face a lot of problems during their growth, especially during adolescence. They will face a lot of physical and psychological confusion. （Photos: bleeding in private parts, chest bulge, voice changes）
If you can’t understand your body correctly, it will seriously affect your study and life. Today, I will focus on talking about the physiological knowledge that girls must understand. Only by understanding them can they grow up healthily and happily in adolescence.
What is menstruation?
Menstruation is a sign that the girl grows up. It means you have entered adolescence. Girls should not be panic to avoid any psychological burden. Menstruation is a regular, periodic uterine bleeding, which occurs about once a month. It is a normal physiological phenomenon that healthy women will experience.
Most girls start menstruation around the age of 12 to 14, and it is usually related to genetics, eating habits, mood, geography and climate. The absence of menarche after 15 years old, should be given enough attention and It is suggested to go to a regular hospital for an examination . Since women ovulate once a month, under the action of the anterior pituitary gland and gonadotropin, the body at this time will produce higher levels of estrogen and progesterone than usual, and the endometrial wall will also thicken. When no fertilized ovum from sperm and ovum enter the uterus, estrogen and progesterone will be decreased, the thickened endometrium necrosis, and mucous membrane and blood eliminate from the body along the vagina, and the first such change is known as “menarche.”
The first day of bleeding is the beginning of the menstrual cycle. The interval between the first day of two menstruations is a menstrual cycle. The normal cycle is 21-35 days, with an average of 28 days. The duration of each menstruation is called “menstrual period”, generally 2-8 days, with an average of 4-6 days. Normal menstrual bleeding volume is 20 ~ 60 ml, more than 80 ml is menorrhagia. Healthy menstrual blood is usually dark red, in the case of large amount of bleeding or fast speed, there will be small blood clots, these are normal phenomena.
What are the symptoms of menstruation?
Girls in the menstrual period, is a relatively sensitive and fragile period with possible general discomfort, sleepiness, breast pain, constipation, diarrhea, abdominal and back pain, falling feeling, dysmenorrhea and other symptoms. Some people will have headache, insomnia, depression, but don’t be afraid, these symptoms will disappear naturally after menstruation.
The role of menstruation
Menstruation is so uncomfortable, what is the need to exist? In fact, menstruation in addition to the above symptoms, it also means that women have fertility, menstrual bleeding will not only improve the body’s hematopoietic capacity, but also help reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease. Seemingly useless and troublesome menstruation, in fact, is a means of self-protection of women’s body, that’s why we also need to give more care to our body during period time.
Diet and lifestyle during menstruation
During menstruation, girls should pay more attention to rest, avoid fatigue or stay up late, less contact with cold water, to avoid dysmorrhagia caused by cold. eat less spicy, greasy and cold food, eat more foods rich in calcium and vitamins, lean meat, protein and a variety of fresh fruits and vegetables are also good choices, and balanced nutrition will be very helpful to the body recovery. In addition, intense exercise should be avoided.
Selection of menstrual hygiene and sanitary napkins
During menstruation, you should choose soft, cotton and breathable underwear, and frequently replace and wash the underwear, naturally dry in the sun. For sanitary napkins, you should choose the branded and qualified products with good breathability, fast and high absorption which will make menstruation more healthy and comfortable. Usually, the volume of blood in the first two days of menstruation is relatively large. At this time, the sanitary napkin should be replaced frequently. It is best to replace it every 2-3 hours, and pay attention to clean hands before and after replacement to avoid bacteria contacting the weak body. Of course, tampons and menstrual pants are also good choices. The experience of tampons is relatively free without any muggy feeling. A tampon should not be used for more than 8 hours. Menstrual pants are more suitable for any period of time due to its good wrapping, large absorption and no side leakage. In addition, sanitary napkin products must be placed in a dry, clean and hygienic environment to avoid the breeding of bacteria.
What are ovum and ovulation?
The ovum is the female germ cell, as the largest cell in the human body, which bears the role of human reproduction. After a woman is born, there are about 300000 to 600000 follicles in both ovaries, but only about 400 follicles can mature in a person’s life. After the mature follicle ruptures, the ovum is discharged from the ovary and then falls into the abdominal cavity, which is called ovulation. Counting from the first day of the next menstrual period, the last 14 days or minus 14 days is the ovulation day. The ovulation day and the 5 days before and 4 days after ovulation are called ovulation period.
Adolescent self-protection
From the beginning of menarche, it means that women begin puberty. At this time, they have a good feeling for the opposite sex, or mutual attraction between friends, which is a very good feeling. But for underage girls, they should learn to protect themselves, puppy love is not advocated, let alone premature sexual contact, otherwise it will increase the psychological and physical damage of girls. If it causes pregnancy, it will have an inestimable impact on girls’ future study and life. Moreover, due to the immature development of reproductive tract of adolescent girls, the vulva and vagina are very delicate. When sexual behavior occurs, it can cause serious tearing of vagina and hymen and massive bleeding. At the same time, due to the poor immune function of girls, it is easy to cause urinary tract, vulva and vaginal infection. more seriously it will cause vaginal disease which is very harmful.
Strengthen self-protection awareness
Whether he/she is family members, relatives, neighbors, teachers, or older brothers, sisters, uncles, aunts, etc., if anyone touches or peeks at sensitive parts of our body, such as breasts, private parts, buttocks, etc., we must boldly refuse and stop it, and yell or ask for help to around people. At the same time, we should tell the parents and teachers in time, never to give the bad guys any chance.
You are in adolescence, it is the most important and wonderful stage of your life, you need to face up to the unknown and changeable world, but also face the new stage in your life correctly, Please take good care of your body, Finally , wishing you a healthy life and cheerful growing up.